born or made leader...

lagi teori pasal pemimpin......

tapi kebanyakkan pemimpin adalah dinaikkan oleh kumpulan-kumpulan elite tertentu walaupun tak bagus sangat.

kumpulan ini ada banyak tujuan.........bisnes? agama?perkauman?

sikit sangat yang betul-betul hendak berjuang.......

Are leaders born or made? — Richard Arvey

JUNE 30 —
Looking at leaders of the past few decades, we notice that many are undeniably charismatic and have a strong sense of identity and self-confidence. Former US president Bill Clinton and current President Barack Obama are disarmingly charming, inspiring and eloquent. They have presence and a keen interest in taking charge of a situation.

In the commercial world, the likes of Microsoft’s Bill Gates and Apple’s Steve Jobs suggest that leadership calls for a single-mindedness about doing well despite obstacles falling along the way. The ‘never say die’ attitude prevails. Some continue to be leaders with an amiable disposition while others care less about how they are viewed by others.

We also notice that some of these leadership qualities run in the family.

There’s John F. Kennedy and his brothers, Robert and Edward — president and senators of the United States. In Asia, the Gandhis and Bhuttos have a family lineage in their respective political histories. At home, Lee Hsien Loong, like his father Lee Kuan Yew, leads Singapore. Even in communist countries such as North Korea, Kim Jong-Il has appointed his youngest son to succeed him.

Are such leaders born? Does genetics play a part in their becoming leaders? Our study on the ‘born’ side of the leadership equation suggests that genetics and personality have a bearing on whether a person becomes a leader. We also found that genetics influences personality.

Three personality traits — social potency, achievement and social closeness — have a bearing on whether an individual occupies a leadership position. People high on social potency are forceful and decisive, like to influence others, enjoy taking on leadership roles as well as like to take charge of and be noticed at social events. We found that social potency has the highest association with being in a leadership position. The more an individual likes to take charge, the more likely he is to assume a leadership role. The more an individual thrives on challenges, the more likely he is to end up a leader.

Next comes achievement orientation. This concerns how much an individual enjoys long hours of work, thrives on demanding projects, persists where others give up, and strives for perfectionism. People who persevere and thrive under pressure are more likely to occupy leadership positions than those who are less achievement minded.

Lastly, social closeness — the extent to which an individual is sociable, warm and affectionate, likes people, values close interpersonal ties, and turns to others for comfort and help - is also related to the leadership role, though to a lesser degree than social potency and achievement.

Does genetics play a part? We used a twin study to investigate this issue. Identical twins were compared against fraternal twins in terms of their moving into leadership roles. Because identical twins share 100 per cent of their genes whereas fraternal twins share 50 per cent on average, more similarities among identical twins indicate genetic influences.

Using this methodology, we found that genetics influences leadership role occupation. When examining the differences between individuals with regard to whether they moved into leadership roles, about 30 per cent of the differences was explained by genetics. The remaining 70 per cent was accounted for by environmental influences such as training, job experiences, education as well as other forms of environmental exposure.

Genetics also influences the three personality traits listed. It accounted for up to a quarter of the differences among individuals with regard to their social potency and 40 per cent of the differences with regard to their achievement trait.

Thus, the answer to the question posed is that both nature and nurture play important roles in who becomes a leader.

What do these findings portend for people who aspire to be leaders? The battle is half won when one is strongly driven by the desire to take charge, and when one has a high need for achievement. It also helps to have a genetic background that facilitates leveraging opportunities in the workplace, such as job experiences, and other environmental events (such as the type of education and training one receives).

While there is no ‘genetic test’ for leadership, one can use prior experiences in leadership as a way to predict whether individuals will be successful in moving into other leadership positions in the future. — The Straits Times

1989.....20 tahun yang lalu....

majalah time jun-julai menginbau kembali peristiwa-peristiwa penting yang berlaku 20 tahun yang lalu.
tapi yang menarik perhatian aku adalah artikel 'who killed abdullah azam'?
siapakah abdullah azam, godfather of jihad? kenapa dia yang jadi perhatian?pembunuhnya juga sampai sekarang tidak diketahui.....

kenapa penulis ini kata kalau dia tidak dibunuh,munkin peristiwa 9/11 tidak berlaku...?????



sheikh abdullah azzam dilahirkan di jenin dan berpindah ke jordan bila tebing barat di tawan israel. belajar di universiti al-azhar dan kemudian mengajar di king abdulaziz unversiti,jeddah.bila soviet menawan afganistan, dia ke sempadan pakistan dan mendirikan kem melatih mujahid-mujahid.
bezanya dia dengan jihadis lain adalah kerana dia banyak ilmu, jihad pada dia bila negara islam dijajah oleh kafir. dia juga melarang muslim membunuh muslim yang lain tanpa alasan-alasan yang munasabah.
mengenai pembunuhnya, banyak teori-teori yang keluar tapi kesimpulannya orang yang bagus dan baik yang memperjuangkan islam yang sebenar tak akan disukai oleh musuh dan juga di kalangan orang-orang islam sendiri.



jadi anak-anakku...manakah pilihan kalian

munkin ubat pahit ini yang kita perlukan........

semalam muka hadapan akhbar the star ada menyiarkan yang pihak indon hendak hentikan penghantaran pembantu rumah indo. tiap kali ada kes ugut...tiap kali ada kes ugut.

bila ada majikan kena tipu, pembantu rumah curi barang, bawak lari anak majikan dan yang macam aku alami sendiri, pembantu bawa sekali hantu puaka, diaorang senyap.
media kita senyap....kerajaan kita senyap...... senyap ada makna atau senyap sebab nanti fulus melepas entah la.

munkin ini ubat pahit yang orang malaysia perlukan sekarang. biar tak ada pembantu rumah indo, kita pikirkan cara-cara lain. contohnya buat tadika khas di tempat kerja , sekolah atau tempat-tempat tertentu. daripada duit kita tiap-tiap tahun mengalir ke indon,biar kat sini saja.

cara-cara radikal yang aku juga tengah pikirkan sangat diperlukan sekarang.......

tempat solat muslim / muslim prayer room

akhirnya setelah 24 jam dari sarajevo, aku menjejak kaki ke klia.

yang menarik perhatian aku semasa perjalanan adalah penyediaan bilik solat di airport vienna dan bangkok. puak-puak kafir ini pun ingat akan kepentingan muslim untuk bersolat walaupun entah apa tujuannya.
austrian dan thai airways juga menyediakan makanan khas untuk orang muslim.tapi kenalah pesan awal-awal.




photo 1 : muslim prayer room di bangkok airport,level 4



photo 2 : prayer room di vienna airport

walaupun tempat sembahyang ini tidak seperti di malaysia, tetapi untuk orang-orang yang nak bersolat akan memudahkan lagi.cuma di vienna, nak berwuduk agak susah dan perlu ke tandas manakala di bangkok, tempat wuduk disediakan.

kalau difikirkan, orang kafir yang macam di atas ada yang ingat nak sediakan tempat solat muslim tapi di malaysia ada juga majikan yang liat ( termasuk tokeh muslim )nak sediakan untuk staf-staf muslim.
mereka ingat rugi tempat la, tak memaksimumkan kawasan dan entah apa-apa lagi alasan.

bila masuk kubur nanti baru tahu betapa sempitnya bila tiada sebarang amalan di dunia.
tapi bila wang menguasai diri tu lah jadinya......

allahimanet sarajevo

hari ini aku akan tinggalkan bosnia. entah kemari lagi entah tidak. biar tuhan saja yang menentukan. semuanya mempunyai sebab musabab yang kita tidak tahu.hanya kadang-kadang kita diberi ilham kenapa sebabnya untuk lebih mengingatinya.

dulu aku begitu lemah bila diberitahu kena datang sini.apatah lagi masalah yang menanti. lagi lemah bila tiba dah lihat sendiri apa yang berlaku.macam tak percaya begitulah perangai manusia. ada yang terlalu kelaparan wang, dibelasah apa saja tanpa mengira halal haram, dosa dan pahala. semua di buat atas dasar nafsu jahat yang tidak pernah surut.tiada perkiraan syurga dan neraka lagi. peraturan manusia di tolak ketepi bila nafsu menjadi raja. baik tuannya,baik pengikutnya. salah menyalah berlaku.tepis menepis berlaku.semuanya atas perkiraan dunia.
moga kita dijauhkan dari sifat-sifat buruk ini.

tapi setelah hampir lima bula, ada banyak uniknya bumi ini. ada sebabnya kenapa tuan agama memilih tanah ini sebagai penyambung hayat islam di eropah setelah muslim sepanyol dilenyapkan yang tidak bangkit-bangkit lagi sampai sekarang.

walaupun bumi bosnia sentiasa bergolak.silih berganti penjajahnya tapi islam tetap hidup kembali.walaupun peraturan agama dah ditinggalkan tapi ingatan mereka terhadap islam masih belum padam.
peringatan tuhan dalam bentuk perang sentiasa kembali menghidupkan agama di sini.islam berulang-ulang kembali subur.

kenapa? adakah kerana orang-orangnya? adakah kerana siapa penyebarnya?

hanya tuan kepada agamanya sahaja yang mengetahui.
tapi aku masih mengharap islam kembali disini sementara hayat aku masih ada walaupun perjalannya amat sukar dan berliku sekali.

allahimanet bosnia! sarajevo ! kota sara !

begitulah kehendak tuhan

beberapa hari lepas dengan tiada angin dan ribut, tiba-tiba aku mendapat email yang mengandungi tiket balik malaya.
kalau dua minggu lepas mereka asyik tanya pasal nak aku tambah lagi kerja kat sini selepas ogos nanti, dengan tak disangka lain pulak jadinya.
begitulah tuhan, dia yang mengatur segala-galanya. samada kita suka atau tak suka, hanya dia yang tahu. samada baik atau tidak baik, hanya dia juga yang tahu.

kita hanyalah hamba yang sangat lemah.

talk should revolve on Islamic issues and not the Malay only.

this episode should be a very big lesson for PAS in future.
All leader and members should be very carefull and think wisely before any word come out from their mouth.
Enemy are everywhere and worst enemy is within ourself.






KOTA BARU, June 21 —
PAS spiritual leader Datuk Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat said today any talk on unity government should be pursued through a proper channel and the talk should revolve on Islamic issues and not the Malay.

“It cannot ignore decisions made at PAS meetings and it should not be decided at one’s whim and fancy.

“If one wants to pursue the unity story, let them table it to the PAS Central Committee first, have it deliberated at the state level and then bring it up to the opposition alliance. Now the opposition alliance is angry with us,” he told a news conference at the mentri besar’s official residence here today.

Denying that he is a headstrong person, Nik Abdul Aziz, who is also Kelantan mentri besar, said instead he was ‘istiqamah’ (steadfast) in pursuing the truth.

He said he had opposed the unity talk proposed by PAS President Datuk Seri Abdul Hadi Awang as he stuck by the decision made at the party’s muktamar in Ipoh last year when it had agreed to go along with the opposition alliance.

“Some people had labelled me as a stubborn person because I do not accept the unity government. Let me tell you that I am not stubborn but I am being istiqamah.

“Stubborn means being adamant in defending what is wrong. When we know something is wrong but we will not back down, that is stubborn. But when we know what is true, what is right, that is istiqamah.

“So if there are certain quarters in PAS, who want unity with the opposition pact and at the same time they want unity with Umno, then it spells trouble. Do not do that,” said Nik Abdul Aziz.

He said he had yet to meet PAS Deputy President Nasharudin Mat Isa and the later had also not contacted him to resolve their disputes over the unity talk.

Nik Abdul Aziz, who had urged Nasharudin to resign as PAS president and Member of Parliament for Bachok and join Umno if he persists the unity government agenda, said he would attend a meeting with Abdul Hadi and Nasharudin along with other PAS leaders tomorrow to trash out their differences.

On Umno Deputy President Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin’s statement that Umno and PAS should start their relations anew, Nik Abdul Aziz said Umno should apologise to PAS first. – Bernama

sakit mental......apa nak jadi..???

bila baca berita bawah ini rasa ngeri pulak. apatah lagi bila mengingatkan anak-anak aku yang akan meningkat dewasa nanti.lagi-lagi aku tak bersama mereka masa diaorang kecil macam sekarang.

kenapa jadi macam ni?
ibubapa terlalu menekan anak-anak untuk sentiasa cemerlang? tak bolehkah?
atau bapa sebok macam aku kerana sesuap nasi?
atau dunia akhir zaman memang ramai orang sakit jiwa?

apa ubatnya pulak?
kita selalu cerita pasal kena bagi didikan agama, tapi yang belajar sekolah agama sekarang ni pun belum tentu tak jadi apa-apa.
kita selalu cerita pasal kena selalu berbicara dengan anak-anak atau macam saidina ali pesan, tapi adakah teknik kita betul?
sekarang orang selalu cakap pasal kaunseling untuk budak-budak sekolah tapi kaunselor kat sekolah banyak buat kerja pentadbiran, anjurkan majlis-majlis sekolah atau tolong pengetua itu dan ini. bukan jumpa budak-budak tanya dan selesaikan masalah tapi jumpa jabatan-jabatan itu ini, entah apa yang diaorang buat.
kita kat malaya kaunselor di sekolah belum jadi sepenuh masa.buat kerja rojak sebab penyakit dengki sana sini.

untuk adikku, kau baru mendapat peluang untuk mencuba apa yang kita inginkan. cubalah! birokrasi dan hasad dengki memang halangan besar sekarang ini.

tapi cubalah! tolonglah anak-anak bangsa kita ini.

selamat berjuang adikku !
thestar, Saturday June 20, 2009

Doc: Mental health problems on the rise

Mental illness among Malaysians on the rise

KUALA LUMPUR: More Malaysian students are suffering from mental health problems now, with nearly half of them showing emotional and aggressive symptoms.

Malaysian Psychiatric Associa-tion vice-president Dr Abdul Kadir Abu Bakar said one of the main factors affecting students were bullying.

“Victims of bullying tend to have serious mental problems as they grow up, if there is no proper counselling.

“The number of mental health patients aged 18 and below has also increased from 13.7% in 1996 to almost 20% in 2006,” he said at the 14th Malaysian Conference on Psychological Medicine here yesterday.

He urged parents and teachers to pay more attention to the changes in their children’s behaviour.

Health Minister Datuk Seri Liow Tiong Lai said 400,227 mental patients sought treatment at the government hospitals last year, an increase of 15.6% compared with 346,196 people in 2007.

“The increase in stress levels and complex social responsibilities are among factors causing more people to develop mental disorders,” he said, adding that more women than men tend to suffer from mental disorders.

Among the mental problems, anxiety is most common in the country, followed by depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

Liow said suicide had also become a serious public health problem worldwide, with one death every 40 seconds.

“In Malaysia, the suicide rate now is between 9 and 12 cases per 100,000 people,” he said, adding the rate among Indians was alarming at between 30 and 35 cases per 100,000 people.

“Mental patients must be rehabilitated and integrated into the community,” he said in his speech read by the ministry’s Medical Development Division director Datuk Dr Azmi Shapie.

A clinical practice guidelines on the Management of Schizophrenia in Adults was also launched at the event.

Dr Azmi said family members played an important role in the recovery process of mental patients.

“Medication can only control their illness as they need the support from family and friends to help them recover and return to society,” he said.

tewas juga akhirnya....

setelah posting aku dulu pasal percakaran tentang kerajaan perpaduan, nampaknya ianya menjadi semakin teruk di mata orangramai.
tiada damage control dibuat, malahan tambah minyak ke dalam api.
syaitan-syaitan makin bersuka-ria, bila ustaz-ustaz, pemimpin serta ahli-ahli bercakaran sama sendiri.
mana tarbiah-tarbiah dan latihan-latihan yang di laung-laungkan selama ini?

saf-saf yang dibina semakin renggang nampaknya......iblis-iblis terus mencelah mengganggu para-para makmum dan pak-pak imam nampaknya!
diluar surau mereka mengintai sambil berpesta sakan melihat kelakuan imam-imam dan makmum didalamnya yang hati-hati mereka semakin goyang....lupa.....dan lupa......

tuan agama tolonglah....

harapan untuk aku melihat sebuah negara islam di malaya makin kelam nampaknya........

penyamun oh penyamun......

jenayah makin menjadi-menjadi.....nasib baik tak ada yang mati macam kat klang minggu lepas.
ramai salahkan polis tapi betulkah polis yang tak buat kerja atau ada yang tak kena dengan masyarakat malaysia atau sistem-sistem yang ada?
munkin terlalu teruja dengan kebendaan, ada sebahagian menjadi gila?
atau si penyamun-penyamun tu memang benar-benar lapar dan keluarga mereka tiada makanan kat rumah..????
atau penyamun-penyamun tu tak pernah pergi sekolah langsung dan sejak dari kecik dilatih menyamun hatta dengan parang saja?
atau penyamun-penyamun tu anak-anak orang ibu-bapanya sebok bekerja..????

STAR Wednesday June 17, 2009
Robbing spree in Puchong

SUBANG JAYA: Seven parang-wielding robbers terrorised several businesses in Puchong in an hour-long robbing spree beginning at 5.30am.

They made off with approximately RM9,000, seven cellular phones, some jewellery and a school bag after hitting five restaurants and a hotel that were just opening for business yesterday.


Caught in the act: CCTV footage showing a parang-wielding robber threatening someone in a restaurant in Puchong yesterday.

Subang Jaya OCPD Asst Comm Zainal Rashid Abu Bakar said nine reports had been lodged by 11 victims from Bandar Puchong, Puchong Jaya and Kinrara.

One of the victims, a noodle seller in her 60s who only wanted to be known as Kuan, said: “They demanded my wallet and I gave it to them. But when I pleaded with them to return my IC, they kicked me in my chest.”

ACP Zainal said police were checking CCTV footage from the hotel to identify the robbers, who had moved about using a car and a motorcycle.

He urged anyone with information on the robbers to contact the police immediately.

Puchong MP Gobind Singh Deo, who met the victims, said: “It is high time police took a more aggressive stance on crimes like this in Puchong and increase patrols in the area.”

mesjid putih sherefudin, visoko

semasa dalam perjalanan balik dari travnik ke sarajevo pada hari ahad lepas, kami singgah di sebuah mesjid di visoko yang sekarang dikenali sebagai sherefudin white mosque. rekabentuk mesjid ini memang lain dari yang lain samada di bosnia atau mana2 tempat lain. konsep yang dibawa oleh arkitek lagi menarik.

mesjid ini asalnya dibina pada tahun 1477. dibina semula pada zaman komunis yugoslavia pada tahun 1980. arkiteknya adalah zlatko ugljen dan pengukirnya adalah ismet imamovic.

idea mesjid ini bermula dari berkhalwatnya nabi s.a.w di gua hira'. dan juga pemisahan antara dunia dan akhirat.
masjid ini berada di bawah aras tanah.masa sebelum masuk dikatakan alam dunia, kemudian bila masuk berada di alam akhirat. ada kubur juga semasa kita melangkah masuk di tepi laluan.bila masuk seolah-olah kita melangkah kealam kubur dan disitu tiada apa yang dapat menyelamatkan kita kecuali iman dan amalam-amalan kita didunia.
kalau baik selamat, kalau tidak sebaliknya.dibalun sampai hari kiamat.
di dalamnya pula tiada tingkap,seolah-olah di gua (hira'). ada lubang kecil yang di buat pada bumbung yang boleh menandakan masuk waktu solat berdasarkan cahaya matahari.
mengikut pak imam, bom pernah jatuh dalam mesjid ini masa perang tapi dengan kuasa allah tidak meletup langsung.

pada 1983, masjid ini mendapat anugerah aga khan atas idea yang kreatif. pada 2007 baru-baru ini, ia mendapat penghargaan dari hungary sebagai salah satu tempat ibadat yang menarik di eropah.

belasungkawa sheikh dr fathi yakan ( 1933-2009)

13 jun 2009, sheikh dr fathi yakan, tokoh gerakan islam tersohor telah meninggalkan dunia ini mengadap tuhan.
beliau dilahirkan pada 1933 di tripoli, utara lubnan adalah ketua islamic labour front.
selain dari menjadi idola kepada muslimin yang meminati gerakan islam abad ini, dia juga telah menulis berbagai-bagai buku. bukunya menjadi seorang muslim adalah antara yang banyak memberi pengajaran kepada generasi sekarang.

dia meninggal dalam keadaan sangat berpegang teguh kepada agama allah, memerangi nahi munkar dengan caranya yang tersendiri.

macamana aku? kita?
bersediakan aku....? walaupun perjalanan yang sangat jauh dan tidak diketahui ranjau dan duri.

abang marah..?

kenapa tiba-tiba dia,LKY datang? tentu ada misinya.......
dan abang kita ini tentu tahu kenapa........baik tak payah jumpa katanya (..????...)

tapi aku suka ayat yang terakhir tu..kalau terbalik sikit, no sand no bridge !
> 100% betul

itulah cara-cara diaorang bernego dan berniaga:-
- ada barang boleh cerita, airliur saja minta maaf
- bagi sepuluh sen, nak seratus ringgit
- selagi aku dapat apa yang aku nak, aku peduli apa masalah kau orang

ramai orang ikut cara-cara ini, sikit yang tak mau ikut. kenapa?

Dr M: No reason for Kuan Yew to see me
KUALA LUMPUR: Former prime minister Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad says he does not see any reason for Singapore’s Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew to meet with him.

He was asked by reporters on the possibility of him meeting Lee, who is in the country for an eight-day visit.

“I don’t see why he would request to see me – I am a nobody,” he told reporters when pressed further on should there be a request from Lee to see him.

Dr Mahathir met reporters after launching Sapura Crest Petroleum Bhd’s new state-of-the-art Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) called the Typhoon, which is capable of deep-water operations, during the Oil and Gas Asia 2009 Exhibition at the Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre yesterday.

He was also asked to comment on the meeting between Lee and opposition leaders and the advice he gave to them.

“Lee Kuan Yew has a lot of experience. Our politicians know nothing. That is why we have to learn from Singapore. Singapore is a great country, they invest so much money,” he said.

On the third bridge issue, Dr Mahathir said: “If we give sand, then we can get the bridge.” — Bernama

diaorang nak pakaian yang macamana?

minah mca ni nak pakaian orang perempuan yang macamana?
kalau tak pakai apa-apa, munkin diaorang lagi suka kot.....

elokla diaorang kawan dengan ngo 'kakak islam' yang heboh di malaya sekarang.....

Thursday June 11, 2009
KB council flayed over women’s attire

PETALING JAYA: The Kota Baru Municipal Council has enforced standards on women’s sportswear in a park - only to be criticised for it.

Wanita MCA national chairman Datin Paduka Chew Mei Fun said that no one had the right to infringe on the way people dress “whether for sports or work or even when resting at home”.

“This is an internationally recognised right and not even the Government should have the authority to interfere,” she said in a statement yesterday.

A Chinese daily reported yesterday that the council put up a sign in a park on its decision to enforce sportswear standards for women because it had become “morally-unacceptable”.

Chew said PAS’ sexist policies not only curtailed the rights and liberties of women but also impacted their daily lives.

“PAS insists on the issue of women’s clothing but the real question is: who are they to set the standards?

“Why must they label the dressing of others as ‘too sexy’ or ‘inappropriate’?

“The rhetoric of PAS seems to be that they are morally superior, while everyone else is deemed morally bankrupt,” she noted.

She also hit out at the party for its excessive male chauvinism and setting limits to women’s freedom including a ban on lipstick and high heels.

undermining secular state in BiH

tulisan yang menarik pasal perjanjian dayton.

kesan-kesannya dah di lihat sekarang. ada juga yang memanggilnya'management from hell'. menambahkan lagi kekalutan dan kekeliruan rakyat-rakyatnya.

tapi munkin itu yang terbaik untuk mereka pada masa itu?

UNDERMINING SECULAR STATE IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA - December 22, 2008


Whatever the initial utility or virtue of the Dayton Accords, the current impact is
to undermine the principles of the secular state in Bosnia & Herzegovina, (BiH).
Contrary to the stated objectives to support the values of an open, pluralistic, democratic, secular state as well as deliver peace, the current tide of the Dayton Accords, more specifically, Annex 4 comprising the "Dayton Constitution," is to further the forces of parochialism, in effect a post-modern feudalism.

THE ILLUSION OF CENTRALIZATION

Focus has been bestowed upon efforts and processes to enlarge the competencies of the central government of BiH. While certainly some of the credit is deserved, the success has been largely illusory in promoting an open and pluralistic society as well as in reintegrating the country. The actual power continues to vest within the "entities" of BiH and the political parties directly associated therewith. The ethnic definition of such entities, particularly Republika Srpska, is not based upon historical delineation, but rather the consequences of genocidal ethnic cleansing. Republika Srpska, (RS), which by name translates into exclusivity as the Republic of the Serbs, is historically unprecedented in a multi-ethnic BiH and around half of the pre-ethnic cleansed population of its currently bestowed territory consisted of Bosniaks, (Bosnian Muslims), Croats, (Catholics) and other non-Serbs. (Contrary to the terms of the Dayton Accords, discouraged by overt and implicit exclusion and bias, political, economic, personal security and religious observance, only a fraction of this non-Serb population has returned to this territory renamed by the perpetrators of ethnic cleansing as "Republika Srpska.")

Since ethnicity is almost exclusively defined by religious affiliation, this has served to delineate BiH along denominational lines and thereby explicitly and implicitly undercut the claim of a secular state. Geographic regions, as well as political parties defined by exclusionary ethnic, (religious), labels have come to characterize the political temperament of BiH under the "Dayton Constitution."

It may appear paradoxical that while the central government is being conferred additional competencies that the state in fact is less functional, reintegrated or secular. The addition of such competencies has largely held a topical character, since real power continues to be conferred by the current application of the Dayton Accords upon ethnically defined political institutions and parties as well as the "entities." From eligibility of political candidates to economics, critical authority is directly linked to ethnicity. Under the current application of the Dayton Constitution, only a Serb can be a candidate from Republika Srpska to the collective state Presidency. Those defined as "others" including Jews would not qualify to hold this highest office from either entity, although a Jew has been appointed BiH's Foreign Minister by the Bosniak, (Bosnian Muslim), member of the Presidency. Other rights and privileges are implicitly if not explicitly linked to ethnicity, (religion). This ranges from practical to emblematic including government symbolism, (flags, anthems, ceremonial rituals etc). At some level, conferring more competencies upon the central government undermines that very state and secularism since it also implicitly or explicitly awards additional power upon the existing political constant defined by ethnicity, de-facto religious labels).

DEFINED BY VERTICAL HIERARCHY INTERTWINING RELIGION AND POLITICS

In hindsight, it is evident that the ultra-nationalist vision of BiH mostly dictated by forces from outside of BiH during the Dayton talks, has prevailed in the application of the Accords. As a reaction to the plot set out by Slobodan Milosevic and Radovan Karadzic or otherwise, ethnic chauvinism is triumphant under current application of Annex 4, the "Dayton Constitution." The "Dayton Constitution" was crafted during the Dayton talks with the overriding influence of non-BiH based interests promoting separatist, parochial agendas. The choice was between accepting extortive political demands that effectively undermined the state of BiH or the perpetuation of genocide and aggression. (This unpalatable option, with BiH citizens as hostages to this political extortion, was not lost upon me or the potential for this regressive model of BiH. Whether the US and European mediators were also mindful of the potential effect of this dimension of the Dayton Accords, the practical result was a de-facto legitimization of ethnic cleansing and the non-secular political model born there from where geographic regions, institutions and parties, are now defined by ethnic or rather religious tags. Even the remnants of the old communist political elite are similarly branded by their non-adherence).

The political parties, as much as some may try to avoid ethnic, (religious), definition, nonetheless are compelled by the struggle for votes and power to reflect the vertical hierarchy imposed by the current interpretation of the Dayton Accords. Ultimately, power is vested and political discipline is exercised based upon the reality of this vertical hierarchy. The role of religious institutions does not have to be proactive in this anti-secular trend. Rather, theology and religious symbolism as well as figures can be (mis)appropriated by political as well as religious authority to serve whatever worldly ends are sought by the status-quo.

Several religious institutions and figures within BiH have attempted to undertake a positive role in promoting communal harmony and the reintegration of BiH. Some have even been strengthened by their international standing. Most have affirmatively voiced their support for the model of a secular as well as reintegrated, pluralistic state for BiH. Regardless, such statements and efforts can not counterbalance the lure and reality of ethnic, religious stratification disciplined most effectively by the current application as well as "discussions on reform" surrounding the Dayton Constitution. As much as we may wish to ignore it and some of the promoters may wish to avoid it, the greatest impediment toward the progressive implementation of the overall Dayton Accords has been the Dayton Constitution, Annex 4, which hardens and legitimizes ethnic stratification and undermines secular state methodologies. The Dayton Constitution cannot be relied upon as the foundation to progressive reform.

FEDERALISM OR FEUDALISM

The affect of the Dayton Accords, or more accurately Annex 4, the Dayton Constitution is regressive rather than merely static. Witnessing that the guardians of Dayton are not willing to challenge Republika Srpska and its parochial ethnic, religious character, certain Bosnian/Herzegovinian Croat political leaders and parties have been now again pressing for "their own entity" to be ethnically defined and carved out from BiH.

Perhaps one could argue that such has logic in the context of a new federalism that could come to define the internal structure of BiH. However, this notion of federalism would at best be a device to achieve a further delineation along ethnic, (religious) lines. It would ultimately further the post-modern feudalism that is strangling the values of a secular state. The Bosniaks, (Bosnian Muslims), would also be prompted to advance their own stratification along ethnic, religious lines. This probably would bring into question the character but also the rationale for a BiH defined by the current application of the Dayton Constitution.

THE BALANCE IS LEANING AWAY FROM A SECULAR STATE

There is no absolute secular state. In Germany, church financing is intertwined with that of the state. In the United States, the US Congress initiates sessions with a prayer. Some American colonies that evolved into the United States were in fact begun as a refugee for particular religious groups centuries earlier. However, today, there is no truly secular state where also eligibility to be a candidate or serve in particular office is limited by religious identity. In BiH, unfortunately the balance indicates something other than either a progressive or secular state.

In BiH it is unavoidable and probably desirable to have political authority allocated to some degree by ethnicity, and equitably. This should help advance the sense of all having a vested interest, belonging to the state of BiH. However, the current application of the Dayton Accords goes too far beyond the definition and dynamics of a secular state, and it does not promote this sense of loyalty or even belonging to BiH. Rather it has been usurped to promote ethnic chauvinism where identity is, and in some instances aggressively and with discipline, linked to ethnicity, (religion), at the total detriment of a shared, pluralistic, open, democratic and secular state.


The greatest obstacle to the ultimate success of the Dayton Accords in advancing an open, democratic, reintegrated, pluralistic and secular state ironically has become the "Dayton Constitution," as currently applied.

Muhamed Sacirbey

--------------------

Author was a Signatory of the Dayton Accords and Foreign Minister of Bosnia-Herzegovina.

--------------------

hotel talal, sarajevo

minggu lepas kami menginap di hotel talal dekat old town barsharsha. harganya paling murah iaitu 40 euro tapi kena panjat bukit sebelum sampai. pemandu teksi pun tak jumpa hotel ini.tapi dek kerana nak senang membeli-belah sabar sajalah ( bosnia kata 'sabur').

ada dua perkara menarik kat hotel yang baru tiga bulan dibuka.
pertama tiada arak disini. dari perbualan kami dengan tuan punya, mereka memang tidak mahu arak di dihidangkan disini. yang menariknya kebanyakkan hotel-hotel lain mneyediakan arak dan hotel ini masih melawan arus walaupun akan kehilangan pelanggan nanti. ramai yang menalifon mereka dan membatalkan bila arak tidak disediakan.
kenapa ramai percaya dengan menjual arak maka perniagaan akan laku? kat malaya pun sama.
arak telah menjadi cara hidup orang-orang di sini.ianya bermula bila bosnia di takluk oleh puak-puak austria-hungaria. kilang arak tempatan dibuka dan akhirnya menjadi minuman utama yang sangat sukar di hilangkan kecuali mereka yang telah ada iman dan azam yang sangat-sangat kuat. walaupun di malaya tidak macam sini keadaanya tetapi tak mustahil berlaku satu hari nanti kerana persamannya ada.
macamnana nak bagitau dan bagitau dan bagitau orang-orang islam yang arak itu haram dan tidak baik walaupun dia tahu yang arak itu haram.
kalau orang islam pun sukar kita nak bagitau, macamana nak bagitau ornag yang bukan islam.
tolong pikir-pikirlah anak-anakku......

keduanya, tuan punya hotel ini adalah seorang wanita berusia 30 tahun yang telah mempunyai dua orang anak.wanita-wanita di sini memang bersemangat dan berdikari.kadangkala lebih maju dari lelaki.

sampai bila nak begini..........

sejak habis muktamar pas, ramai yang berkokok pasal kerajaan perpaduan.baik orang dalam atau orang luar. ramai yang syok bercakap pasal ini walaupun tak membawa faedah apa-apa buat masa ini. tali barut-tali barut dan agen bn makin kuat meniup bara supaya ianya menyala-nyala. kepimpinan dan ahli-ahli pas pun tak tahu macamana nak tutup mulut sendiri dan kawan-kawan lain.
bila TGNA kata ianya mengarut, lagi ramai berkokok. semua dah lupa ikrar dan janji minggu lepas.

sampai bila nak begini wahai sahabat-sahabat pejuang islam? tak adakah hal-hal lain yang lebih utama? sampai bila nak ikut ayunan buai orang lain?

apa-apa pun aku tetap undi untuk sebuah negara islam walaupun masih tiada cahaya di hujung terowong.............

islam itu bersaudara

hari ahad semalam kami berpeluang ke rumah pasangan muslim bosnia yang sangat komited kepada cara-cara hidup islam di tengah kota sarajevo yang mula menampakan gelaja sosial yang membimbangkan. walaupun mereka kandangkala sangat sukar dek kerana persekitaran yang tidak berapa membantu, tetapi keazaman pasangan ini unuk terus menghayati cara hidup islam disini sangat mengkagumkan. kami juga disertai oleh keluarga abang kepada pasangan ini yang telah belajar bahasa arab di negara saudi selama enam tahun.
layanan terhadap kami dengan makanan tradisional sini amat hebat sekali. masakan kali ini benar-benar bercitarasakan bosnia yang tiada di restoran-restoran.
tapi yang lebih menyentuh perasaan adalah bukan kerana makanan yang dimasak itu sedap tetapi adalah perkenalan sesama saudara seislam. mereka amat menghayati kata-kata nabi yang islam itu bersaudara. begitu kuatnya kalimah tiada tuhan melainkan allah. dari dua benua yang berbeza tetapi didekatkan dengan islam yang benar-benar menyentuh perasaan.terasa tiada halangan, syak wasangka bila bersama-sama mereka. di malaya pun kadang-kadang tiada rasa yang begini walaupun sudah kenal lama.

semoga allah sentiasa melindungi kalian di bumi yang sentiasa penuh dengan bara ini.

kalah menang bukan yang di cari

kepimpinan baru pas 2009







apalah nak dikecoh kepimpinan ulama ka professional ka........

kalau gagal jaga amanah, jawablah nanti......

dana membina mesjid

dua hari lepas seorang saudara sini memberi satu kad tentang pembinaan mesjid atau jamiah di bosnia setelah mengetahui ada orang malaysia di sini. mereka berharap agar dapat dipanjangkan untuk mendapat dana membina masjid seperti gambar di bawah. memang orang islam bosnia mengetahui melaysia banyak membantu mereka samada semasa perang atau selepas perang. ada beberapa mesjid yang dibiayai oleh penderma-penderma dari malaysia. mesjid breko di sarajevo adalah salah satunya. ada satu lagi yang sedang disusahakan oleh ustaz wan sohor di zenica yang pecah batunya telah di buat bulan lepas.

banyak mesjid di musnahkan masa perang. mesjid yang di bina kemudiannya, kebanyakkanya adalah dari penderma-penderma samada dalam negeri atau luar negeri seperti saudi,pakistan,indonesia dan sebagainya.



kalau lihat dari segi pertumbuhan mesjid, harapan untuk islam kembali disini adalah cerah. banyak pengajian-pengajian al-quran diadakan untuk anak-anak sini.cuma tenaga pengajar masih kekurangan.

ayuh anak-anak ummi, sahutlah cabaran di sini.
peluang berdakwah untuk anda terbentang luas

sekim piramid US untuk mesir

lawatan obama minggu ini ke mesir apa tujuannya?
nak mendekatkan barat aka US dengan islam? atau nak gunakan mesir untuk yang ke berapa kali memusnahkan islam / hamas?

setelah israel melanyak palestine, mesir dan arab lain biar penduduk palestine kebuluran, obama datang dengan sistem lain dari bush dengan entah apa janji-janji palsu.nak suruh hosni mubarak berhenti, susah juga takut penggantinya nanti tak layan israel lagi.

baca lagi bawah ini.......

siapakah tayyip erdogan?

propaganda media massa utama dan beberapa orang tali barut bn sejak beberapa bulan dulu memainkan perang saraf tentang kumpulan endrogan dalam parti pas sehinggakan ahli-ahli dan beberapa pemimpin telah termakan racun ini.
ekoran dari itu konflik dalaman semakin panas terutama menjelang pemilihan kepimpinan minggu depan.

kenapa mereka memilih nama ini untuk meracun pas?
siapakah erdogan ini?
hebat sangatkah dia?
tapi TG nik aziz kata lagi banyak 'erdogan' dalam pas lagi baik. kenapa?

dibawah ini sedikit sebanyak tentang erdogan yang sebenarnya, yang hangat di perkatakan oleh media massa malaysia sehingga minggu depan:-

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Prime Minister of Turkey
Incumbent
Assumed office
14 March 2003

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Mayor of Istanbul
In office
27 March 1994 – 06 November 1998

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Born 26 February 1954 (1954-02-26) (age 55)
Kasımpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
Political party AKP
Spouse Emine Erdoğan
Alma mater Marmara University
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (pronounced [/ˈrɛdʒɛp ˈtɑːjip ˈɛrdɔːɑn/]) (b. February 26, 1954 in Istanbul, Turkey)[1] is a Turkish politician, a former mayor of Istanbul and the Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey since 14 March 2003. He is also the chairman of the Justice and Development Party (Turkish: Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi - "AK Parti"), which holds a majority of the seats in the Turkish Parliament. Erdoğan was born, and mostly grew up, in the Kasımpaşa district of Istanbul, a less than affluent neighborhood, famous for its macho honor code.[2] Kasımpaşa men are known to be quick to anger, painfully proud and blunt in word, and he has always been proud of being one.[2] Erdoğan is of Georgian ancestry, as he is the descendant of a family from Adjara Georgian immigrants who had emigrated from Batumi, Georgia, to Rize, in the Black Sea Region of Turkey.[3] Erdoğan spent his early childhood in Rize where his father was a member of the Turkish Coast Guard.[4] The family returned to Istanbul when Erdoğan was 13 years old.[4] As a teenager, he sold lemonade and sesame buns on the streets of Istanbul's rougher districts to earn extra money.[4] After graduating from a religious high school (İmam Hatip school) he studied management at Marmara University's Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences.[5] In his youth, Erdoğan played semi-professional football in a local club.[5][6][7] The stadium of the local football club of the district he grew up in, Kasımpaşa S.K., a team which played in the Turkish Süper Lig before being relegated in June 2008, is named after him. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan married Emine Erdoğan (née Gülbaran) (b. 1955 in Siirt), whom he met during a conference, on 4 July 1978.[1] The couple has two sons (Ahmet Burak, Necmeddin Bilâl) and two daughters (Esra, Sümeyye).[1] Tayyip gave a speech in New York on 19 December 2006 in which he talked mainly about the good relations between citizens of Turkey who come from different backgrounds by giving an example from his own life. Tayyip said that he doesn't have any problems with his wife, Emine Erdoğan, who is of Arab ancestry and originally from a different Muslim denomination (Shāfi‘ī/Ash'ari).[1]

Imprisonment, 1998
Erdoğan's Islamist sympathies earned him a conviction in 1998.[4] As Mayor of Istanbul, Erdoğan was the most prominent mayor in the country. Because he was a national figure and hero to millions of Islamic-oriented voters, his case drew considerable attention.[8] He was sentenced to ten months imprisonment, of which he served only four between March and July 1999. Before the national elections in 2002, he was barred by the Turkish Electoral Board from running for elections because of this past conviction.[9] After his party's win at the polls, the constitution was modified to enable him to run in a by-election from the Siirt circonscription, his wife's home town,[10] thus allowing him to enter parliament and take over the post of Prime Minister from Abdullah Gül,[11] the actual President of Turkey.

Before his conviction, in 1997, the Welfare Party, of which he was a member at the time, was declared unconstitutional and shut down by the Turkish constitutional court on the grounds of threatening the secular nature of Turkey. In 1998, Erdoğan become a constant speaker at the demonstrations held by his colleagues from the banned Welfare Party. In a speech on 12 December 1997 at a public meeting in Siirt in the Eastern Anatolia region, Erdoğan identified Turkish society as having "two fundamentally different camps" – those who blindly follow the Atatürk Reforms [seculars] and the Muslims who unite Islam with Sharia.[12] He was given a prison sentence after he had read this well-known Islamic poem:[4]

Prime Ministership, 2003-present
See also: Turkish general election, 2002 and Turkish general election, 2007
On 17 October 2006, Prime Minister Erdoğan suffered a mild incident of shock in public attributed to hypoglycemia, caused by a combination of intense work and Ramadan fasting.[13] He was hospitalized but the doctors determined that he only needed a few days of rest and viewed his state of health as not being of serious concern. His transportation to the hospital became a phenomenon as well when the driver of his armoured vehicle accidentally locked the door to the vehicle leaving the keys inside. The security system of the vehicle locked all the doors with Erdoğan still inside, unconscious. A hammer was brought in from a nearby construction yard to break the bulletproof windows of the vehicle and rescue the Prime Minister[14].

Justice
In November 2005, a case was brought before the European Court of Human Rights by a female student who insisted on wearing a prohibited hijab (headcovering) to class. Turkish law prohibits the wearing of religious headcovering and theo-politically symbolic garments for both genders in government buildings, schools, and universities;[15] a law upheld by the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights as "legitimate" on November 10, 2005 in Leyla Şahin v. Turkey.[16] When this appeal was rejected, Erdoğan said: "The court has no right to speak on this issue. That right belongs to the Ulema."[17]

Erdoğan's government instituted several reforms such as giving the European Court of Human Rights supremacy over Turkish courts, diminishing the powers of the 1991 Anti-Terror Law which had constrained Turkey’s democratization, and passing a partial amnesty to reduce penalties faced by many members of the Kurdish terrorist organization PKK who had surrendered to the government.[18]

On May 2007, the head of the top court in Turkey has asked prosecutors to consider whether Erdoğan should be charged over critical comments regarding the 2007 Presidential elections.[19] Erdoğan said the ruling was "a disgrace to the justice system", and criticized the Constitutional Court which had invalidated a presidential vote because a boycott of other parties meant there was no quorum. Prosecutors have already investigated his earlier comments, including saying it had fired a "bullet at democracy". Tülay Tuğcu, head of the Constitutional Court, condemned Erdoğan for "threats, insults and hostility" towards the justice system.[19]

On March 2006, the Supreme Board of Judges and Prosecutors (HSYK) for the first time in Turkey's history held a press conference and publicly protest the obstruction of the appointment of judges to the high courts for over 10 months.[citation needed] They[who?] claimed Erdoğan wanted to fill the vacant posts with its own Islamic-minded appointees[who?] which through this policy Erdoğan was accused[who?] of creating a rift with the Turkey's highest court of appeals (the Yargitay) and high administrative court (the Danıştay).[citation needed] Erdoğan claimed[citations needed] that the constitution gave the power of assigning members to his elected party. Erdoğan hold the position that there is nothing wrong with their policy-making regarding the positions in the judiciary, as himself a graduate of the İmam Hatip school said: "sees no wrong in the appointment of tens of thousands of Koranic school graduates who already became judges as higher court judges".[citation needed]

Economy
Erdoğan's success story is keeping the economy on the track designed by World Bank economist Kemal Derviş.[citation needed] Erdoğan supported Ali Babacan in enforcing Derviş's macro-economic policies. Erdoğan did not cut the relations with international monetary control systems in favour of a more protectionist economy. The AK Party did quite well in almost all areas of the economy apart from the budget deficit.[citation needed] Erdoğan said that during this premiership the economy's average growth rate was 7.3%, that per capita annual income had almost doubled, and that all these were related to his economic reforms and the pursuit of European Union membership.[20] On the other hand, because of the control of foreign investors on the Turkish stock market, some views express concerns about the future stability of the economy.[21]

Education and health
Erdoğan in a classroom with children.Turkish President Ahmet Necdet Sezer stated at a speech to the War Academy that "religious fundamentalism has reached dramatic proportions" and that Islamic fundamentalism "is trying to infiltrate politics, education and the state, it is systematically eroding values". Erdoğan responded to this by arguing, "Religious people also have a right to politics. [...] If you want to keep the faithful out of politics, the people will never forgive you".[22]

Concerning birth control, Erdoğan had said that he personally did not practice it and was against it because the future required a dynamic young population.[18]

On April 2006, Erdoğan unveiled a social security reform package demanded by the International Monetary Fund under a loan deal. Erdoğan claimed that the move, which was passed with fierce opposition, was the one of the most radical reforms. Turkey’s three social security bodies were united under one roof, bringing equal health services and retirement benefits for members of all three bodies. Under the second bill, everyone below the age of 18 will be entitled to free health services, irrespective of whether they pay premiums to any social security organization or not. The bill also envisages a gradual increase in the retirement age. Starting from 2036, the retirement age will eventually increase to 65 as of 2048 for both women and men.[23]

Turkey's president approved on February 22, 2008 a pair of constitutional amendments that would allow female students to wear Islamic head scarves at universities.[24] These amendments were later overturned by the Constitutional Court of Turkey.

Since 2008, it is no longer legal to smoke in most Turkish public places.

Terrorism and security
Erdoğan was investigated by Turkish prosecutors for using the word Sayın (which is commonly used in Turkish as a polite alternative for 'Mr.', 'Mrs.' or 'Ms.', but literally means 'Honourable' or 'Respectable') when referring to the convicted former PKK leader Abdullah Öcalan in a 2000 interview with SBS Radio.[25] In this interview, Erdoğan also referred to the Turkish soldiers killed by the PKK as kelle (a slang word that literally means 'head'), stating that "Sayın (Honourable) Öcalan is paying the price not for his opinions, but for the kelles (heads) that he took."[26][27][28] The expression Sayın was deemed "inconsiderate" while kelle was deemed "degrading" by many people in Turkey, especially causing outrage among the families of the dead soldiers, who filed a lawsuit against Prime Minister Erdoğan and asked him to pay "3 Turkish kuruş" (the equivalent of 2 U.S. cents) to each family, as a form of protest.[29][30] On December 12, 2007, the Turkish court (Kartal 2. Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesi) presided by judge Sevgi Övüç found Prime Minister Erdoğan guilty of insulting the memory of the dead soldiers and ordered him to pay 3 Turkish kuruş (2 U.S. cents) to each of the 20 families of the dead soldiers who filed the lawsuit against him, which was the amount that the families had requested, as an expression of how much they valued Erdoğan.[31][32] The PKK is a militant group proscribed as a terrorist organization internationally by a number of states and organizations, including the U.S., NATO, and the EU.[33]

Erdoğan has appointed liberal Muslim theologians to the Department of Religious Affairs.[34] He has promised to crush the country's Islamist militants. Radical Muslim groups are considered a threat to the secular political establishment.[18]

Israel and the Palestinians
See also: Israel–Turkey relations

Erdoğan walks out of the session at the World Economic Forum in 2009, vows never to return.[35]Turkey was the first and only Muslim-majority country which recognized Israel's independence in 1948, and has traditionally been a close political ally and strategic partner of Israel.[36] However, Erdoğan has taken a strong stance against Israel's role in the 2008-2009 Israel-Gaza conflict, claiming "Israel’s bombardment of Gaza shows brutality and disrespect to the human life and targeting civilians. ... Whatever the reason is, killing innocent civilians will damage peace in the world."[37] He added that Hamas has also made mistakes in the peace process. Turkey is a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council since January 2009, and Erdoğan asked the United Nations to bar Israel from participation as long as it does not respect the body's calls. Israel's Government spokesman Mark Regev responded that it is illogical to expect "that Israel unilaterally cease fire while Hamas would continue to target cities, trying to kill our people."[38]

The traditionally close relations between Israel and Turkey became strained during the latest conflict in the Gaza strip, and continued its negative pace even after Israel decided to attempt a unilateral ceasefire.[citation needed] On 29 January 2009, Erdoğan attended the World Economic Forum in Davos, but an hour later he walked out of the forum in protest. The debate became heated in relation to the Gaza conflict. The Israeli President Shimon Peres was heavily criticized by Erdoğan (sitting beside him) over the handling of the conflict as response to Peres' strong language. Erdoğan also accused the moderator of disrespecting him by giving extra time for Peres to speak since Peres was the only one of the four panelists to hold a view contrary to that of the majority, and had thus been given time nearly equal to the combined time of the other panelists.[39][40] The moderator, David Ignatius, had previously told Erdoğan that there was not enough time to "start the debate again" when he requested extra time beyond that which he had previously been allotted[41]

Erdoğan returned to Istanbul the next day, and was greeted by thousands of AKP supporters at the Istanbul Airport, with some present shouting, "Turkey is with you."[42] The allegations Erdoğan had expressed in Davos against Israel, of targeting civilians in Gaza rather than militant targets, were also backed by the main opposition leader Deniz Baykal. Baykal, however, criticized Erdoğan's behaviour as a political ploy aimed at influencing the upcoming municipal elections in Turkey.[43] He also criticized the AKP government's past close relations with Israel; Turkey and Israel have signed two agreements in 1996 and 2001 (prior to the AKP government) which allows both countries to use each other's air space and Air Force bases for joint training purposes.[44]

The European Union
On 3 October 2005, the negotiations for Turkey's accession to the EU formally started during Erdoğan's tenure as Prime Minister.[45]

Cyprus
On 26 April 2004, a re-unification referendum supported by the United Nations was held in Cyprus. It failed after the Greek Cypriots voted to reject the Annan plan, whereas the Turkish Cypriots voted to approve it. During the period building up to the referendum, Erdoğan and his party campaigned for the UN re-unification proposal.[46]

Iraq
Faced with domestic demands to intervene in Iraq against the PKK and in defence of the Turkmens around Kirkuk in the north of the country, Erdoğan pursued a more proactive foreign policy. In January 2007 Erdoğan suggested that Turkey might intervene, but preferred for the interim to rely on diplomacy.[34]

Armenia
During Erdoğan's Prime Ministership, Abdullah Gül became the first Turkish head of state to visit Armenia, when he made the trip to Yerevan to watch a FIFA World Cup qualifying match between the countries.[47] Erdoğan also met numerous times with the President of Armenia, Serzh Sargsyan, the latest such meeting taking place during the World Economic Forum in Davos in January 2009.[48]

On December 17, 2008, after a petition launched by more than 200 Turkish academics and newspaper columnists which apologized for the "Great Catastrophe" of 1915, Erdoğan commented, "I find it unreasonable to apologize when there is no reason. I didn't commit a misdeed."[49]

Since 2005 international airspace between Armenia and Turkey has been reopened.

Greece
During Erdoğan's Prime Ministership, the relations with Greece have been normalized. The political and economic relations are strongly improved. In 2007, Prime Minister Erdoğan and Greek Prime Minister Kostas Karamanlis met on the bridge over the Evros River at the border between Greece and Turkey, for the inauguration of the Greek-Turkish natural gas pipeline, linking the longtime Aegean rivals through a project that will give Caspian gas its first direct Western outlet and help ease Russia’s energy dominance. In 2008, Prime Minister Kostas Karamanlis arrived in Turkey for the first official visit by a Greek Prime Minister in nearly half a century. The last Greek PM to visit Turkey was his uncle, Konstantinos Karamanlis, in May 1959. Greece gave its support for accession of Turkey to the European Union. Ali Babacan and Dora Bakoyannis signed for the creation of a combined joint Operational Unit within the framework of NATO with the aim of participating in Peace Support Operations.[50]

Vatican
During the Pope Benedict XVI Islam controversy, he said: "I believe it is a must for (the Pope) to retract his erroneous, ugly and unfortunate remarks and apologise both to the Islamic world and Muslims. …I hope he rapidly amends the mistake he has made so as not to overshadow the dialogue between civilizations and religions." [51]

Presidential election
See also: Turkish constitutional referendum, 2007

Abdullah Gül was elected the President of Turkey on 28 August 2007On April 14, 2007, an estimated 300,000 people marched in Ankara to protest the possible candidacy of Erdoğan in the 2007 presidential election, afraid that if elected as President, he would alter the secular nature of the Turkish state.[52] Erdoğan announced on April 24, 2007 that the party had decided to nominate Abdullah Gül as the AKP candidate in the presidential election.[53][54] The protests continued over the next several weeks, with over one million reported at an April 29 rally in Istanbul,[55][56] tens of thousands reported at separate protests on May 4 in Manisa and Çanakkale,[57][58][59] and anywhere from one to two million in İzmir on May 13.[60][61][62] Early parliamentary elections were called after the failure of the parties in parliament to agree on the next Turkish president. At the same time, Erdoğan claimed the failure to elect a president was a failure of the Turkish political system and proposed to modify the constitution.

Abdullah Gül was later elected President after the general elections on 22 July 2008 that saw AKP and Erdoğan brought back to power with 46.7 percent of the vote. Later in 2007, a referendum to modify the constitution to allow the people, rather than the Parliament, to elect the President was approved.

General elections
See also: Turkish general election, 2007

A poster from the general election campaign in 2007The stage of the elections was set for a fight for legitimacy in the eyes of voters between his government, which has its roots in political Islam, and the country’s secularist movement.[citation needed] Erdoğan used the events at that took place during the ill-fated Presidential elections a few months earlier as a part of the general election campaign of his party. In the night of 22 July 2007, it became obvious that AKP had won an important victory over the opposition, garnering 46.7 percent of the popular vote. July 22 elections were only the second time in the Turkish Republic's 74-year history whereby an incumbent governing party won an election by increasing its share of popular support.

Proposed ban from politics, 2008
On 14 March 2008, Turkey's Chief Prosecutor asked the country's Constitutional Court to close Erdoğan's party and ban him from politics for five years.[63] Erdoğan and 70 other party members were accused of being involved in anti-secular activities.[63] Prosecutor Abdurrahman Yalçınkaya said that he believed there was enough evidence that Erdoğan has worked against Turkey's secular constitution.[63]

The party later narrowly escaped a ban on 30 July 2008, a year after winning 46.7 percent of the vote in national elections.[64]

Awards
Honorary doctorate from the University of Sarajevo (March 25, 2008).[65]

siri silam bosnia- masih ada masa hadapan?

dibawah ini adalah tulisan yang ditulis pada tahun 1991 ketika perang belum betul-betul meletus.

Is There a Future?

The Muslim experience in Yugoslavia is far from over. Its leadership is sailing into the unchartered stormy waters of a new world. The recent chain of events within and outside the country on the one extreme portend the inevitability of the breakup of Yugoslavia into mini-states. On the other extreme, a situation in which the concept of a 'Greater Serbia' may become a reality. In keeping with the Islamic tradition of moderation (wasata), the elected Muslim leadership of Bosnia and Herzegovina seem to favor a middle road between these two extremes. That is, an end in which the territorial and political integrity of Yugoslavia be maintained along with its existing internal republic borders. The political and economic authority of the federal government over the republics would be drastically curtailed and its roles specifically delineated. This would result in more of a 'confederation' than a 'federation' of republics (states). The Muslims insist that the territorial and political integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina remain intact and undivided irrespective of the new model of Yugoslavia that eventually emerges.
The breakup of Yugoslavia seems imminent. The only question that seems to remain is 'how'? Considering the historic role of Muslims in Yugoslavia and the West's general antagonism toward Islam and Muslims, a possible outcome would be one in which the territorial and political integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina would be compromised. Its counties would subsequently be divided up according to some mutually agreed upon formula between Serbia on the one hand and Croatia on the other. This worst possible scenario would have to carry with it the blessings of the European Community, the Soviet Union and the United States (which may have already been unofficially given).


The future will to a great extent be determined on what steps are taken now. The Muslim leadership of Yugoslavia should keep the following critical points in mind:
1. History is the best teacher. The Qur'anic paradigm is one which asks man continuously to look to the past in order to gauge future actions. To forget and bury the past as some have suggested is a mistake; as it will cause one to lose the ability to build on its successes as well as make one a victim of its mistakes. Furthermore, the Truth will remain hidden from view. No one should fear the Truth for ultimately the Truth will set one free.
2. Every effort should be made to publicize among Muslims and non-Muslims alike (both people and nations) the plight and struggle of the Muslims of Yugoslavia. For one never knows, 'from where the assistance of Allah will come'.
3. All endeavors should be undertaken to work towards a peaceful and equitable solution to the ugly possibilities which are faced, but reliance for a Muslim is ultimately tied to his preparation for the worst (in other words making the necessary preparations for securing ones person), trust in Allah and the continued support of the True Believers.

demikian sebahagian sejarah hingga kini sepintas lalu.
cerita-cerita berikutnya adalah berdasarkan pemerhatian masa sekarang dan pengalaman peribadi di sini setelah lebih sepuluh tahun perang berakhir.

stadium gong badak runtuh...apa nak jadi?

terpanggil aku nak tulis pasal ini bila menengok malaysiakini tentang stadium gong badak runtuh. aku dah semakin tak paham macamana boleh runtuh. salah kontraktor juga ke? mestilah kontraktor itu kena siasat cukup-cukup.lagi-lagi kalau dia kroni bekas menteri besar dari jerteh tu.
yang aku lagi tak paham, konsultant,arkitek kat situ dulu tidur jugak ke? atau diaorang tak boleh buat apa-apa sebab kontraktor ada kabel besar dengan menteri besar.

nampaknya bukan bidang politik saja yang jahanam, bidang pembinaan jugak nak jahanam gara-gara manusia yang meletakkan hawa nafsu jadi tuhan nombor satu. wang jadi tuhan baru walaupun mereka tak sedar.

banyak hati-hati manusia yang perlu dicuci di malaysia nampaknya............
bersediakah kau anak-anakku? aku telah mencuba setakad yang terdaya walaupun tanpa ilmu yang cukup.hanya semangat saja yang ada.tapi ibarat orang yang buang santau,lama-lama badan sendiri yang makin rosak.

siri islam bosnia - sejarah sepintas lalu

dari pertengahan kurun ke lima belas hingga akhir kurun ke tujuh belas, bosnia dengan ibunegaranya sarajevo telah berkembang menjadi pusat kebudayaan, pelajaran dan perdagangan di bahagian selatan kerajaan ottoman. institusi seperti sekolah, institusi keagamaan, pusat kesihatan awam ada di mana-mana. bermula dengan maktab kemudian madrasah menjadi tempat anak-anak islam belajar pelajaran agama dan kebudayaan termasuk bahasa arab serta menghafaz al-quran. sekolah menegah atas yang dipanggil madrasah telah mula dibina pada tahun 1573 atas arahan gabenor ghazi husrev beg.

program-program di madarsah adalah termasuk aliran sains yang terkini, matematik, penulisan dan juga tafsir, hadis dan tajwid.
terdapat lebih ketua menteri kerajaan ottoman pada masa itu termasuk yang terkenal bernama mehmet pasha sokulu dan mehmet koprilu adalah dari bosnia.pada masa ini pihak muslim bosnia berjaya mengekang serangan demi serangan dari pihak tentera salib.

pada pertengahan kurun ke tujuh belas, kerajaan ottoman menjadi semakin lemah dan berpecah belah disebabkan rasuah dalaman dan tekanan pihak luar.pada masa ini juga mereka dikenali sebagai 'orang sakit eropah.' pada 1683, pihak askar ottoman telah tewas di pintu vianna.akibatnya pihak ottoman terpaksa berundur dari austria dan kehilangan penguasaan terhadap tanah di utara sava dan sungai danube.orang-orang muslim di sini ada yang telah berhijrah ke kawasan ottoman yang lain atau dipaksa menukar agama kepada kristian atau dibunuh.

selepas kalah dalam perang russia-turki pada tahun 1878, ottoman terpaksa menyerahkan pentadbiran bosnia kepada pihak istana austro-hungarian.

lebih kurang duapuluh tahun kemudian iaitu pada 1908, penguasaan ottoman terhadap bosnia berakhir.pihak muslim mendapati diri mereka tersepit antara dua kerkajaan iaitu kerajaan serbia dan montenegoro dan mereka telah menjadi mangsa balas dendam.
selepas perang dunia pertana pada 1918, kerajaan baru serbia,croatia dan slovenia telah dibentuk. dan semuanya bernaung di bawah raja serbia alexzender I. sehingga tahun 1929 kerajaan ini ditukar nama kepada yugoslavia.

pada tahun 1941, selepas pihak komunis menguasai bosnia, satu organisasi yang bernama Mladi muslimani melalui sekolah menengah dan universiti telah berusaha menghidupkan kembali pemikiran,kebudayaan dan tradisi pengajian islam yang bermatlamat kembali kepada ajaran al-quran dan sunnah.keadaan ini kemudian menyebabkan pihak tentera yugoslavia menjalan operasi memusnahkan orang-orang islam.

keadaan menjadi semakin teruk bila komunis parti dikuasai oleh tito.yugoslavia menjadi 'Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia'.kerajaan baru telah mengawal semua institusi kewangan dan perhubungan. semua parti dan organisasi di mansuhkan termasuk Mldi muslimin. perubahan ini membawa kepada program anti-muslim. pihak Mldi dibicarakan sesuka hati dan ramai mati dalam penjara.
pada msa inilah juga bermula pemisahan islam dengan ajaran-ajaran islam yang mereka nikmati dulu. mahkamah syariah, undang-undang civil mengantikan undang-undang islam.semua maktab dan madrasah di tutup.insitusi wakaf telah dinegarakan dan bermacam-macam lagi supaya islam tingal pada nama sahaja.makanan untuk askar yang sebelum ini diasingkan juga ditiadakan.makanan berunsurkan babi digalakan.sesiapa yang bersama komunis akan cepat meningkat karier dan juga kedudukan lain.

revolusi iran pada tahun 1979 telah membangkitkan kembali islam yang lama tidur di sebelah sini.pencarian terhadap islam telah bertambah.mereka kembali mencari agama mereka yang lama hilang.
pada akhir 1980 hingga awal 1990, keadaan telah berubah dimana bahan-bahan tentang islam telah kembali dibenarkan. mereka juga telah dibenarkan bersembahyang ditempat-tempat awam.

kebebasan yang ada telah menyebabkan pihak muslim juga mendirikan parti politik.di bosnia, satu kumpulan empat puluh orang pemikir islam telah menubuhkan parti demokrat PDA walaupun parlimen bosnia masih dikuasai oleh pihak komunis.pihak penganjur parti masih berhasrat agar satu hari nanti parti ini akan menjadi parti islam yugoslavia.part ini menjadi tumpuan bila alijaya izetbejovic dilantik menjadi presiden.aliya ada penulis sebuah buku yang sangat popular iaitu 'islam between east and west'.parti ini mendapa sambutan hangat orang islam bosnia. bila bosnia merdeka dari yugoslavia, PDA dan aliya menjadi presiden republik bosnia herzegovina.
selepas itu perang yang kita ketahui berlaku dimana pihak serbia telah menyerang bosnia dan perang telah berlanjutan selama hampir lima tahun.perang berakhir dengan perjanjian dayton yang sangat merugikan pihak islam bosnia tetapi mukin pada masa itu,itulah keputusan yang terbaik untuk mereka setelah sengsara. adalah diberitakan juga jika perjanjian itu lewat seminggu ditandatangani maka habis semua puak-puak serbia akan dihalau keluar dari bosnia. pihak muslim memang sengsara pada dua tahun pertama tetapi kembali menguasai pada tahun-tahun berikutnya menyebabkan pihak barat mencari jalan lain supaya islam dikekang disini. perjanjian dayton inilah kuncinya.